The Arab Emirates
in Bagratid Armenia*

*This material is presented solely for non-commercial educational/research purposes.

See our Maps Page for additional maps of Armenia and neighboring lands in different centuries.

Editor's Note, viii
Abbreviations, x
Author's Preface, xi

Introduction

1. The Sources, 1
2. The Historiography of the Subject, 14

1. The Nature of Arab Rule in Armenia, 19
2. The Arab-Byzantine Frontier Zone (Thughur), 22
3 The Arab Tribes of Upper Mesopotamia--the Shaybani, 25
4. The Arab Migrations to Armenia--the Sulaym Tribe (al-Sulami), 29
5. The Djahhafids, 33
6. The Results of Bugha's Expedition, 41
7. The Assimilation of the Arab Emirates into the Ranks of the Armenian Naxarars, 45

II. The Emirates in the Bagratid Kingdom

1. The Establishment of the Kaysites at Manazkert in the Period of Ashot I , 51
2. The Relations of Ashot I and the Emirates of Greater Armenia, 53
3. The Struggle of Smbat I over Dwin, 60
4. The Conflict between Smbat I and Ahmad al-Shaybani, 63
5. The Crushing of the Kaysite Rebellion, 65

1. The Creation of the Emirates of Dwin and Goght'n in the Sadjid Principality, 71
2. Dwin between A.D. 929 and 941, 77
3. The Kaysites, 79
4. The Hamdanids and the South-Western Provinces of Armenia, 83
5. The City of Karin, 88

IV The Struggle of the Bagratids of Ani against the Emirates

1. The First Shaddadid at Dwin, 93
2. The Sallarids and Armenia, 98
3. The Southern Valley of the Araxes in the Reign of Gagik I, 101
4. The Western Provinces of Armenia, 104

1. The Penetration of the Kurds into Southern Armenia, 110
2. The Marwanids, 111
3. The Conquest of Western and Southern Armenia by Byzantium, 114
4. The Shaddadids of Dwin, 119

1. Territory, 125
2. Population, 129
3. The Centers of the Tondrakian Movement, 135
4. Crafts and Commerce, 137
5. The Emirates as Feudal Holdings, 142

Notes, 151

Appendices

I. A Brief Chronology of the City of Dwin, 179
II. The Arab Tribes (Northern Group), 181

III. The Emirates in Greater Armenia

A. Houses of Arab Origin

I. The Shaybani, 182
II. The Zurarids, 182
III. The Sulami ostikans of Arminiya, 183
IV. The Djahhafids, 183
V. The Kaysites, 184
VI. The Hamdanids, 184

B. Houses of Kurdish Origin

I. The Marwanids, 185
II. The Shaddadids, 185

IV. The Rulers of Azerbaidjan, 186

Footnotes

Index of Proper Names, 201

Index of Technical Terms, 239

Errata, 243

Map, 245